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In Italian the narrative texts belonging to the genre Crime Fiction are called "Libri Gialli", which literally means Yellow Books.
The origin of this name dates back to the year 1929, when the Mondadori publishing house had the idea of characterizing a series of Crime Fiction with yellow covers.
Since then the word "Giallo" has been synonymous with detective or police stories, although nowadays the cover of a book on this genre often has another colour ;)